Overview of the 9-12 Social Studies Program

The New York State Grades 9-12 Social Studies Framework provides a comprehensive and rigorous curriculum designed to prepare students for college, careers, and civic life. The program emphasizes critical thinking, analysis of primary and secondary sources, historical inquiry, and civic engagement to help students develop a deep understanding of global and national histories, political and economic systems, and contemporary world issues.

Course Summaries

Grade 9: Global History and Geography I

Students study world history from prehistory to 1750, focusing on the development of civilizations, belief systems, trade networks, and political systems. Topics include the rise of empires, cultural diffusion, and the impact of major global exchanges.

Grade 10: Global History and Geography II

This course continues the study of world history from 1750 to the present, exploring revolutions, industrialization, imperialism, global conflicts, and contemporary issues. Students analyze how historical events have shaped the modern world.

Grade 11: United States History and Government

Students examine the history of the United States from colonial times to the present, with a focus on constitutional principles, political and social movements, foreign policy, and economic developments. Emphasis is placed on the evolution of democracy and the role of the U.S. in global affairs.

Grade 12: Participation in Government and Economics

In Participation in Government, students explore the structure and function of government, civil rights, political participation, and contemporary policy issues. In Economics, students study fundamental economic concepts, market structures, personal finance, and the role of government in the economy.

Social Studies Practices

Throughout high school, students engage in five key social studies practices that develop their ability to think critically and analyze historical and contemporary issues:

• Gathering, Interpreting, and Using Evidence – Evaluating sources to construct historical and political arguments.

• Chronological Reasoning and Causation – Understanding how and why events unfold over time.

• Comparison and Contextualization – Examining historical events and policies in different contexts.

• Geographic Reasoning – Analyzing the role of geography in shaping societies and economies.

• Civic Participation – Engaging with government, public policy, and social issues to foster active citizenship.

The Importance of Social Studies Education

Social studies in high school prepares students to become engaged and informed citizens by helping them understand historical events, global connections, and the foundations of government and economics. By developing skills in critical thinking, research, and civic engagement, students gain the tools necessary to navigate complex societal issues and contribute meaningfully to their communities and the world.